Using a tight-binding model AND transfer-matrix technique, as well as LANCZOS ALGORITHM, we numerically investigate the nature of the electronic states AND electron transmission in site, bond AND mixing Fibonacci model chains. We rely on the LANDauer FORMALISM as the basis for studying the conduction properties of these systems. Calculating the Lyapunov exponent, we also study the localization properties of electronic eigenstates in the Fibonacci chains.. The focus is on the significance of the relationship between the transmission spectra AND the nature of the electronic states. Our results show that, in contrast to ANDerson's localization theorem, in the Fibonacci chains the electronic states are non-localized AND the transparent states occurr near the Fermi level.

This study focuses on the investigation of intelligent form-finding AND vibration analysis of a triangular polyhedral tensegrity that is enclosed within a sphere AND subjected to external loads. The nonlinear dynamic equations of the system are derived using the Lagrangian approach AND the finite element method. The proposed form-finding approach, which is based on a basic genetic ALGORITHM, can determine regular or irregular tensegrity shapes without dimensional constraints. Stable tensegrity structures are generated from rANDom configurations AND based on defined constraints (nodes located on the sphere, parallelism, AND area of upper AND lower surfaces), AND shape finding is performed using the fitness function of the genetic ALGORITHM AND multi-objective optimization goals. The genetic ALGORITHM's efficacy in determining the shape of structures with unpredictable configurations is evaluated in two distinct scenarios: one involving a known connection matrix AND the other involving fixed or rANDom member positions (struts AND cables). The shapes obtained from the ALGORITHM suggested in this study are validated using the force density approach, AND their vibration characteristics are examined. The findings of the comparative study demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed methodology in determining the vibrational behavior of tensegrity structures through the utilization of intelligent shape seeking techniques.

This article investigates the problem of simultaneous attitude AND vibration control of a flexible spacecraft to perform high precision attitude maneuvers AND reduce vibrations caused by the flexible panel excitations in the presence of external disturbances, system uncertainties, AND actuator faults. Adaptive integral sliding mode control is used in conjunction with an attitude actuator fault iterative learning observer (based on sliding mode) to develop an active fault tolerant ALGORITHM considering rigid-flexible body dynamic interactions. The discontinuous structure of fault-tolerant control led to discontinuous commANDs in the control signal, resulting in chattering. This issue was resolved by introducing an adaptive rule for the sliding surface. Furthermore, the utilization of the sign function in the iterative learning observer for estimating actuator faults has not only enhanced its robustness to external disturbances through a straightforward design, but has also led to a decrease in computing workload. The strain rate feedback control ALGORITHM has been employed with the use of piezoelectric sensor/actuator patches to minimize residual vibrations caused by rigid-flexible body dynamic interactions AND the effect of attitude actuator faults. Lyapunov's law ensures finite-time overall system stability even with fully coupled rigid-flexible nonlinear dynamics. Numerical simulations demonstrate the performance AND advantages of the proposed system compared to other conventional approaches.

This work presents an ALGORITHM to construct a 3D magnetic susceptibility property from magnetic geophysical data. Physical model discretization has substantial impact on accurate inverse modeling of the sought sources in potential field geophysics, where structural meshing suffers from edge preserving of complex-shaped geological sources. In potential field geophysics, a finite-element (FE) methodology is usually employed to discretize the desired physical model domain through an unstructured mesh. The forward operator is calculated through a Gauss-Legendre quadrature technique rather than an analytic equation. To stabilize mathematical procedure of inverse modeling AND cope with the intrinsic non-uniqueness arising from magnetometry data modeling, regularization is often implemented by utilizing a norm-based Tikhonov cost function. A so-called fast technique, “LANCZOS Bidiagonalization (LB) ALGORITHM”, can be utilized to solve the central system of equations derived from optimizing the function, where it decreases the execution time of the inverse problem by replacing the forward matrix with a lower dimension one. In addition, to obtain best regularization parameter, a weighted generalized cross-validation (WGCV) curve is plotted, that makes a balance between misfit norm AND model norm introduced in the cost function. In order to tackle the normal propensity of physical structures to focus at the shallow depth, an expression of depth weighting is used. This procedure is applied to a synthetic scenario presenting a complex-shaped geometry along with a real set of magnetic data in central part of Iran. So the capability of the proposed ALGORITHM for inversion indicates the accuracy of the inversion ALGORITHM. Additionally, the modeling results pertaining to a field case study are in good agreement with the drilling data.

FORMALISM, as an approach in literary criticism, was introduced in the early twentieth century under the influence of Italian futurism AND the contribution of young Russian linguists. Later on, it was spread in Europe AND America AND gradually found advocates in almost all countries of the world. Iranian literary critics AND scholars also embraced this new literary school AND incorporated a formalistic approach in their literary criticism.Among modern Iranian literary critics, Shafe’ee Kadkani was the strongest advocate of this new critical trend AND adopted a formalistic approach as well as a linguistic approach in his writings. He has tried to discover the secret of literariness of a work of art AND illustrate aspects of defamiliarization of discourse from people’s everyday language in the literary works of the earlier AND modern scholars. He believes, in line with formalists, that “poetry is an event that occurs only in language” AND asserts that linguistics tries to find out “the miracle of words” AND show the underlying reasons AND causes of the beauty of literary discourse. In his view, literature is a type of language use which departs from everyday language through deviations from the “practical language” AND deconstructing language norms. The effects of FORMALISM on Shafe’ee’s works could bediscerned in his poems to a great extent.

In accordance with classical understANDing of the principle of separation of powers, the task of a judge is merely to discover the intention of legislator AND to apply it to the facts of cases. The motives behind the achieving judicial security AND the existence of factors such as syllogistically form of judicial reasoning AND the necessity of deduction of all the results from law has led to the traditional tendency among jurists to present judicial syllogism within the context of formal syllogism.Formal syllogism or deductive reasoning based on formal logic, reasoning possesses a necessary process AND there would be no true outcome but one, AND there would remain no room for doubt. A precise look at the minor AND major judicial syllogism demonstrates that the notion of change of judicial syllogism to that of formal, definitive, AND objective is nothing but a naive fiction far from achievement. The impossibility of making the legal concept clear AND the existence of defects in AND of law, as well as conflict of laws, on the one hAND, AND impossibility of reaching definitiveness AND certainty at verification of factual stage of a case, on the other hAND, do not allow FORMALISM AND change of judicial reasoning into formal AND necessary reasoning.Due to the fact that judicial reasoning is unnecessary, these reasoning, unlike reasoning that are subject to formal logic are not free from the intervention of human factors.The type AND quality of that intervention AND the usage of this flexibility AND broadness by a judge are determined by the characteristic features of each legal system AND the foundations concerned.